Verteporfin

Date	Status	Who	Description
26 Aug 2024	Scheduled for surgery	@GeorgeKal with Dr. Melissa Toyos	Pico laser with VP case study on stretchmarks. Monthly repeat.
28 Aug 2024	Scheduled for surgery	/u/Used-Regular-9616 with Dr. Bloxham	FUE hair grafts transplantation into a FUT scar case study with VP. Follow ups at 6 and 12 months.
Consult: Sep 2024 Surgery: Dec 2024	Scheduled for consult & surgery, contact is MIA since May 2024, but the surgery is still happening according to Dr. Janjua as of Jul 2024	@CatharticLove with Dr. Janjua	TCA scar revision on the cheek case study with VP. (Likely excision)
12 Oct 2024	Scheduled for surgery	Anonymous friend of @CulturalDust with Dr. Melissa Toyos	CO2 laser case study with VP.
Oct 2024	Scheduled for surgery	@BuffEngineer with Dr. Ratchathorn	4.000 FUE grafts hair transplant case study with VP.
15 Nov 2024	Scheduled for surgery	@fabiomcarneiro	Big facial keloid excision with self-injected(!) VP.
2025	Scheduled for surgery	Dr. Ted Miln	Likely a hair transplant with VP.
Unknown	Waiting on IRB approval, according to @jravna as of Jul 2024	Anonymous doctor	Facial chicken pox scar excision trial on multiple patients with VP.
Unknown	Waiting on paper release	Mascharak et al	Paper on pig excisions and human foreskin xenografts with VP.
Unknown	In progress, according to Dr. Gurtner as of Feb 2024	Longaker et al	Big cleft lip VP trial.
Unknown	Unknown	Dr. Melissa Toyos	States she's "just getting started" with VP research.
Unknown	In progress, unknown if more updates will be posted	Dr. Bloxham	FUT scar revision trial on multiple patients with various dosages of VP.
Unknown	In progress, unknown if more updates will be posted	Dr. Bargouthi	FUE hair transplants with VP.

Research

Studies related to achieving scarless healing, not exclusive to verteporfin.

Date & Author	Title	Highlights
5 Aug 2024 Deng et al	Accelerated, injectable, self-healing, scarless wound dressings using rGO reinforced dextran/chitosan hydrogels incorporated with PDA-loaded asiaticoside	A multifunctional hydrogel was developed that offers a promising strategy for enhanced wound management and scarless tissue regeneration
27 Jul 2024 Shuying Chen et al	Approaches to scarless burn wound healing: application of 3D printed skin substitutes with dual properties of anti-infection and balancing wound hydration levels	A 3D printed double-layer hydrogel (DLH) was designed and showed considerable potential for scarless wound healing in burn wounds.
22 Jul 2024 Pi et al	Flexible Sono–Piezo Patch for Functional Sweat Gland Repair through Endogenous Microenvironmental Remodeling	Developed a flexible sono-piezo patch (fSPP) that regenerated functional sweat glands in burn injuries solely through physical stimulation.
22 Jul 2024 Tomasso et al	Marvels of spiny mouse regeneration: cellular players and their interactions in restoring tissue architecture in mammals	Discusses the cell types involved in scarless healing of spiny mice (Acomys).
21 Jul 2024 Xiuhong Huang et al	Europium-based complex crosslinked with hyaluronic acid sponge with controllable adaptive capability to promote effective scarless regeneration of burn wound	A new sponge made of hyaluronic acid and europium was developed to promote scarless healing of burn wounds.
18 Jul 2024 Deepa et al	Development of a Synergistic Nanomaterial Scaffold Combining Silver Nanoparticles, Collagen, and Doxycycline for Enhanced Scar-Free Skin Regeneration	Developed a nanomaterial scaffold which is hypothesized to promote scarless healing.
16 Jul 2024 Xing et al	A Multifunctional Nanocomposite Hydrogel Delivery System Based on Dual-Loaded Liposomes for Scarless Wound Healing	Developed a hydrogel for scarless wound healing. The hydrogel has shown promising results in a rat wound model.
10 Jul 2024 Zhan et al	Research Progress of Hydrogel Microneedles in Wound Management	Reviews hydrogel microneedles (HMNs) and their application for scarless wound healing.
28 Jun 2024 Hamolaila et al	Treatment of Atrophic Facial Scars Using Polydioxanone Threads: A Case Series	Polydioxanone threads show promise in effectively treating atrophic facial scars, as demonstrated in a case series with a six-month follow-up. One case resulted in scarless appearance.
13 Jun 2024 Gubbiveeranna et al	Effect of ‘Procumbenase’ a serine protease from Tridax procumbens aqueous extract on wound healing: A scar free healing of full thickness wounds	Identified Procumbenase, a flower extract, to have significant wound healing properties. It promoted scar-free wound healing in rat models and cell assays.
13 Jun 2024 Yuan et al	Composite superplastic aerogel scaffolds containing dopamine and bioactive glass-based fibers for skin and bone tissue regeneration	Developed a composite aerogel scaffold which induced regeneration of skin appendages (e.g., blood vessels, glands, etc.) in a full-thickness excisional defect model in rats
7 Jun 2024 Chu et al	Fibroblast Yap/Taz Signaling in Extracellular Matrix Homeostasis and Tissue Fibrosis	Explores the role of Yes-associated protein (YAP) and Transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) in fibroblast signaling and their impact on tissue fibrosis
4 Jun 2024 Kang et al	Self-Powered Electrical Bandage Based on Body-Coupled Energy Harvesting	A self-powered electrical bandage (SEB) that utilizes body-coupled energy was developed to promote faster and scarless wound recovery.
3 Jun 2024 Shuo-Bing Yang et al	Rapid and Scar Free Wound Repair by Using a Biologically Flexible and Conductive Dressing Under Electrical Stimulation	A novel biocompatible liquid metal composite wound dressing (LGPU), combined with electrical stimulation, accelerates wound healing, promotes hair follicle regeneration, and reduced scarring.
2024 Zhong Zheng et al	Preclinical And Clinical Development Of Sli-F06, A Novel Dermal Fibroblast Modulating Drug, In Cutaneous Wound Healing	SLI-FO6 reduced scar surface area in humans by 24.6% in high-tension abdominoplasty wounds, and achieved a 56% scar index reduction in red duroc pigs.
31 May 2024 Rogovaya et al	In vitro and in vivo Evaluation of Antifibrotic Properties of Verteporfin in a Composition of a Collagen Scaffold	VP reduced fibrosis in human cells, but when combined with collagen gel, it disrupts scarless wound healing due to incompatible mechanisms.
29 May 2024 Fu et al	Shape-Fixing Hydrogel Promotes Scarless Healing of Wounds Under Tension	A new hydrogel system, called HTA, reduces wound tension and inhibits the fibrotic response, leading to improved tissue regeneration.
27 May 2024 Kang et al	Advances of Nanobiomaterials for Treating Skin Pathological Fibrosis	Explores the potential of nanobiomaterials in managing skin fibrosis, particularly hypertrophic scars.
23 May 2024 Hao et al	Engrailed-1 (EN-1) inactivation leads to scarless skin wound healing through extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling	Achieved scarless healing with VP in rabbit ear. This paper appears to be somewhat of a repeat of the first Stanford VP paper, so it seems China is catching up.
15 May 2024 Xusen Wang et al	3D printing of Rg3-loaded hydrogel scaffolds: anti-inflammatory and scar-formation related collagen inhibitory effects for scar-free wound healing	A novel dermal extracellular matrix (DECM) hydrogel scaffold loaded with ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3) was developed and achieved scarless healing in a mouse.
13 May 2024 Takaya et al	Twist2 contributes to skin regeneration and hair follicle formation in mouse fetuses	Identified Twist2 protein to be upregulated in regenerated mouse fetus skin and downregulated in scarred mouse skin. Knockout of Twist2 protein in usually scarless mouse fetuses resulted in inhibited regeneration.
8 May 2024 Zhong et al	Electrical and immune stimulation-based hydrogels synergistically realize scarless wound healing via amplifying endogenous electrophysiological function and promoting Macrophage Phenotype-Switching	A new conductive hydrogel, sHA/G-GM, has been developed to promote scarless wound healing through electrical and immune stimulation.
2 May 2024 Nong et al	Verteporfin inhibits TGF-β signaling by disrupting the Smad2/3–Smad4 interaction	Identified VP to inhibit the Smad2/3-Smad4 interaction in TGF-β signaling.
1 May 2024 Murthy et al	Prevention of Post-surgical Scarring	Summarizes various interventions and methods for preventing post-surgical scarring.
11 Apr 2024 Lyu et al	A differential-targeting core–shell microneedle patch with coordinated and prolonged release of mangiferin and MSC-derived exosomes for scarless skin regeneration	A microneedle patch was developed with gelatin methacryloyl shell containing mangiferin and a poly (lactide-co-propylene glycol-co-lactide) dimethacrylates core loaded with exosomes and achieved reduced scar formation in mice.
5 Apr 2024 Eslahi et al	How biomimetic nanofibers advance the realm of cutaneous wound management: The state-of-the-art and future prospects	Biomimetic nanofibers show promise in improving wound healing and skin tissue regeneration due to their tunable features and ability to mimic the architecture of native extracellular matrix.
4 Apr 2024 Xingyan Liu et al	Identification of IGF2 promotes skin wound healing by co-expression analysis	Identifies IGF2 as a potential factor in promoting scarless wound healing in human oral mucosa.
28 Mar 2024 Das et al	A study of scarless wound healing through programmed inflammation, proliferation and maturation using a redox balancing nanogel	A redox balancing nanogel was developed and tested on preclinical mice models to promote scarless wound healing.
3 Mar 2024 Almadori et al	Scarring and Skin Fibrosis Reversal with Regenerative Surgery and Stem Cell Therapy	Adipose-derived stem cells effectively modify scar tissue and fibrosis by suppressing extracellular matrix synthesis and promoting degradation
18 Feb 2024 Li et al	Biomaterial-based mechanical regulation facilitates scarless wound healing with functional skin appendage regeneration	Discusses the potential of using biomaterial-based mechanical approaches to enhance skin regeneration and promote scarless wound healing with functional skin appendage regeneration.
13 Feb 2024 Shang et al	Dermal papilla cell-derived exosomes promote hair follicle regeneration during wound healing by activating Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway	Dermal papilla cell-derived exosomes (DPC-Exos) promote hair follicle regeneration during wound healing. In addition, DPC-Exos can accelerate wound healing and promote hair follicle regeneration in vivo.
11 Jan 2024 Lasaosa et al	Nature-Inspired Scarless Healing: Guiding Biomaterials Design for Advanced Therapies	Discusses the use of biomaterials in scar reduction and the importance of understanding natural models of scarless healing. Provides an overview of the key processes involved in scarless healing.
12 Dec 2023 Peng Wang et al	Verteporfin-Loaded Bioadhesive Nanoparticles for the Prevention of Hypertrophic Scar	VP-loaded bioadhesive nanoparticles (VP/BNPs) have been developed to significantly prevent hypertrophic scarring.
9 Dec 2023 Ying et al	The transformation of multifunctional bio-patch to hydrogel on skin wounds for efficient scarless wound healing	A new bio-patch made of 3A achieved scarless healing in mice.
24 Nov 2023 Bai et al	The Roles of WNT Signaling Pathways in Skin Development and Mechanical-Stretch-Induced Skin Regeneration	Discusses the role of the WNT pathway in skin development, wound healing, and mechanical stretching.
19 Nov 2023 Yihui Zhang et al	Ag nanocomposite hydrogels with immune and regenerative microenvironment regulation promote scarless healing of infected wounds	Ag nanocomposite hydrogels with Ag nanoparticles achieved scarless healing in mice.
17 Nov 2023 Robinson et al	Release of miR-29 Target Laminin C2 Improves Skin Repair	Inhibition of miR-29 improves skin repair in mice, restoring the normal skin structure rather than creating a connective tissue scar.
15 Sep 2023 Wei et al	Antimicrobial hydrogel microneedle loading verteporfin promotes skin regeneration by blocking mechanotransduction signaling	A biocompatible VP hydrogel microneedle system was developed for scarless wound healing.
8 Sep 2023 Jiang-Tao Yang et al	An Injectable Composite Hydrogel of Verteporfin-Bonded Carboxymethyl Chitosan and Oxidized Sodium Alginate Facilitates Scarless Full-Thickness Skin Regeneration	A new VP hydrogel composite (VP-CMCS-OSA) has been developed for scarless skin regeneration. Successful results in full-thickness skin defect model, indicating potential for scarless skin regeneration.
27 Jul 2023 Zhou et al	New insights into balancing wound healing and scarless skin repair	Discusses the importance of understanding the mechanisms of wound healing to achieve scarless healing. It reviews current research on scar prevention. Strategies for achieving scar-free wound repair are discussed.
26 Jul 2023 Kun Chen et al	Hyaluronic acid-modified and verteporfin-loaded polylactic acid nanogels promote scarless wound healing by accelerating wound re-epithelialization and controlling scar formation	A nanogel made of hyaluronic acid and VP-loaded polylactic acid was developed to promote scarless wound healing in a rabbit.
3 Jul 2023 Grzelak et al	Pharmacological YAP activation promotes regenerative repair of cutaneous wounds	Identified scarless healing displayed by spiny mouse as caused by YAP activation, not inhibition, and they find it interesting that other studies came to the opposite conclusion.
10 Jun 2023 Ying Zhang et al	Scarless wound healing programmed by core-shell microneedles	A VP microneedle patch with programmed functions (PF-MNs) has been designed to promote scarless healing in a rabbit by targeting different stages of the healing process.
7 Jun 2023 Tao Liu et al	Safety and efficacy of autologous skin tissue cells grafting for facial sunken or flat scars	Autologous skin tissue cells grafts are able to effectively flatten any atrophic scar.
18 Apr 2023 Berry et al	The effects of mechanical force on fibroblast behavior in cutaneous injury	Discusses the effects of mechanical force on fibroblast behavior and reviews the mechanisms involved in mechano-sensing and the potential for inhibiting them to promote wound healing and reduce scar formation.
4 Apr 2023 Griffin et al	Piezo inhibition prevents and rescues scarring by targeting the adipocyte to fibroblast transition	Inhibiting the protein Piezo can prevent and reverse scarring by stopping the conversion of fat cells into scar-forming fibroblasts.
25 May 2023 McKinley et al	Emerging frontiers in regenerative medicine	Review of the progress and challenges for regenerative medicine.
27 Mar 2023 Abbas et al	Establishing a Xenograft Model with CD-1 Nude Mice to Study Human Skin Wound Repair	A postnatal human skin xenograft model was developed using athymic mice, allowing for the study of human skin wound repair in a preclinical setting. This was used in the human foreskin VP xenograft trial.
8 Mar 2023 Huicong Zhang et al	Efficient scarless skin regeneration enabled by loading micronized amnion in a bioinspired adhesive wound dressing	A bioactive scaffold was made from the skin secretion of the Chinese giant salamander, combined with micronized amnion, to promote efficient and scarless skin regeneration.
9 Nov 2022 Chen Zhang et al	Biodegradable hydrogels with photodynamic antibacterial activity promote wound healing and mitigate scar formation	A biodegradable hydrogel has been developed that can effectively prevent scar formation by releasing a small dose of VP.
3 Oct 2022 Mengyuan Zhang et al	The potential of functionalized dressing releasing flavonoids facilitates scar-free healing	Discusses functionalized dressings that release flavonoids to promote scar-free healing. Flavonoids have been found to aid in wound healing and prevent scar formation by interfering with key signaling pathways.
Oct 2022 Mascharak et al	Inhibiting Yes-associated Protein Prevents Scarring And Promotes Regeneration In A Large Animal Model Of Wound Repair	Achieved scarless healing with VP in red Duroc pigs. Achieved significantly reduced scarring with VP in human foreskin transplanted on a mouse, stating the reduced scarring didn't have anything to do with it being attached to a mouse.
17 Aug 2022 Cavanzo et al	Verteporfin ameliorates fibrotic aspects of Dupuytren’s disease nodular fibroblasts irrespective the activation state of the cells	VP has been found to have strong anti-fibrotic properties in Dupuytren's disease, inhibiting the activation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts. This effect is not dependent on photo-activation and can reverse the activation status of fibroblasts.
15 Jul 2022 Veronese et al	V-EMF treatment of facial scar: First results	Evaluates the effectiveness of the use of electromagnetic fields and negative pressure treatment (V-EMF) for facial scars.
13 Jun 2022 Mascharak et al	Modulating Cellular Responses to Mechanical Forces to Promote Wound Regeneration	Review of the potential for promoting wound regeneration by modulating cellular responses to mechanical forces.
31 Mar 2022 Xiaojie et al	Scarless wound healing: Current insights from the perspectives of TGF-β, KGF-1, and KGF-2	Highlights the potential of inhibiting TGF-β and administering KGF-1 and KGF-2 to promote scarless wound healing.
3 Feb 2022 Mascharak et al	Multi-omic analysis reveals divergent molecular events in scarring and regenerative wound healing	Identifies key genes and pathways that drive either scarring or regeneration.
3 Feb 2022 Valerie Horsley	Cut out that YAPping: Mechanisms to reduce scar formation	Explains the role of Yes-Activated-Protein (YAP) in scarring.
24 Jan 2022 Mascharak et al	Multi-omic analysis reveals divergent molecular events in scarring and regenerative wound healing	Explores the molecular events involved in scarring and regenerative wound healing and identifies genes and pathways that drive them.
1 Jan 2022 Lijun Zhang et al	In situ scarless skin healing of a severe human burn wound induced by a hCTLA4Ig gene-transferred porcine skin graft	Discusses a successful case of scarless skin healing in a severe burn wound using a hCTLA4Ig gene-transferred porcine skin graft.
1 Dec 2021 Tang et al	Micro-compound tissue grafting for repairing linear scars	Transplanting cores of full-thickness virgin skin into removed cores of a thin linear scar are able to achieve a visually scarless result.
17 Sep 2021 Xin Huang et al	CD39+ Fibroblasts Enhance Myofibroblast Activation by Promoting IL-11 Secretion in Hypertrophic Scars	Study shows that targeting CD39+ fibroblasts with an inhibitor could be an effective antiscarring approach.
1 Sep 2021 Griffin et al	JUN promotes hypertrophic skin scarring via CD36 in preclinical in vitro and in vivo models	Study shows that targeting CD36 could be a potential therapeutic strategy against pathological skin scarring.
17 Aug 2021 Griffin et al	The role of Wnt signaling in skin fibrosis	Provides an overview of how Wnt signaling interacts with other pathways to cause fibrosis and discusses potential treatments using Wnt inhibitors.
25 Jun 2021 Lutong Liu et al	Asiaticoside-laden silk nanofiber hydrogels to regulate inflammation and angiogenesis for scarless skin regeneration	Silk nanofiber hydrogels loaded with asiaticoside were found to effectively regulate inflammation and angiogenesis, leading to scarless skin regeneration in both in human cells and living mice.
24 May 2021 Durant et al	Finding Solutions for Fibrosis: Understanding the Innate Mechanisms Used by Super‐Regenerator Vertebrates to Combat Scarring	Explores the differences between fibrotic healing and scar-free healing in regenerative animals. Aims to identify the molecular and physiological variances that contribute to these disparate outcomes in wound repair
23 Apr 2021 Mascharak et al	Preventing Engrailed-1 activation in fibroblasts yields wound regeneration without scarring	Achieved scarless healing with VP in mice.
27 Apr 2020 Xin Zheng et al	Microskin-Inspired Injectable MSC-Laden Hydrogels for Scarless Wound Healing with Hair Follicles	The combination of MSCs and injectable silk nanofiber hydrogels promotes angiogenesis and macrophage phenotype switching, resulting in scarless skin regeneration.
30 Oct 2019 Zhao et al	Resveratrol-loaded peptide-hydrogels inhibit scar formation in wound healing through suppressing inflammation	Resveratrol-loaded peptide-hydrogels, which have a similar structure to natural extracellular matrix, were able to slowly release resveratrol and accelerate wound healing in rat skin damage models.
29 Apr 2019 Yulong Zhang et al	Abstract QS40: A Novel Bioactive Suture That Accelerates Wound Tensile Strength Re-establishment And Enhances Wound Healing	SLI-F06 coated sutures were developed to significantly promote wound healing by accelerating mechanical strength re-establishment and improving gross appearance in a Yorkshire pig.
6 Dec 2018 Mohede et al	Verteporfin as a Medical Treatment in Peyronie’s Disease	Results showed that VP significantly decreased the expression of fibrosis-related genes in myofibroblasts derived from PD plaques, suggesting its potential as a treatment for PD.
16 Apr 2018 Sun et al	Engineering Pro-Regenerative Hydrogels for Scarless Wound Healing	Discusses the role of stem cells and growth factors in the wound healing process and focuses on recent advancements in engineering pro-regenerative scaffolds for skin regeneration.
15 Mar 2018 Gu et al	Use of Condensed Nanofat Combined With Fat Grafts to Treat Atrophic Scars	Condensed nanofat combined with traditional fat grafts are able to perfectly flatten any atrophic scar.
1 Feb 2018 Jiang et al	Fibromodulin reduces scar size and increases scar tensile strength in normal and excessive‐mechanical‐loading porcine cutaneous wounds	Administering the extracellular matrix molecule fibromodulin (FMOD) can reduce scar size, increase tensile strength, and improve collagen organization in red duroc pigs.
13 Oct 2017 Zhong Zheng et al	Fibromodulin reduces scar formation in adult cutaneous wounds by eliciting a fetal-like phenotype	Fibromodulin (FMOD) reduces scar formation and increases scar strength in adult wounds by eliciting a fetal-like phenotype in adult dermal fibroblasts.
25 Sep 2017 Sun et al	Pro-Regenerative Hydrogel Restores Scarless Skin during Cutaneous Wound Healing	A new hydrogel promotes regenerative wound healing by regulating the M2 macrophage phenotype. It has been shown to successfully regenerate skin and promote hair regrowth in both murine and porcine models.
27 Oct 2016 Szeto et al	YAP/TAZ Are Mechanoregulators of TGF-β-Smad Signaling and Renal Fibrogenesis	Identifies YAP/TAZ roles in fibrosis and identifies VP as a YAP inhibitor. Results show VP in mice succesfully reduces fibrosis.
22 Sep 2016 Zhong Zheng et al	Fibromodulin Is Essential for Fetal-Type Scarless Cutaneous Wound Healing	Identifies fibromodulin as essential for fetal-type scarless wound healing. This study found that loss of fibromodulin prevents early-gestation fetal wounds from healing without scars, while administering fibromodulin can restore scarless healing in late-gestation fetal wounds.
Mar 2015 Walmsley et al	Scarless wound healing: chasing the holy grail	Reviews the stages of wound healing, strategies to reduce scarring, and the potential for scarless regeneration through skin stem/progenitor cells.
26 May 2014 Ud-Din et al	Regenerative healing, scar-free healing and scar formation across the species: current concepts and future perspectives	Discusses the differences in healing and scar formation across various species, highlighting the potential for regenerative healing in non-amniote vertebrates and mammalian fetuses.
26 Oct 2012 Lo et al	Scarless fetal skin wound healing update	Discusses the unique properties of fetal cells, extracellular matrix, cytokine profile, and gene expression contribute to scarless healing.
1 Sep 2008 Durani et al	Avotermin: a novel antiscarring agent	Studies shows that avotermin leads to improved appearance of scars compared to placebo when injected at the time of surgery.

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